The first graphical user interface (GUI) was developed in 1964 by Douglas C. Englebart. Relatedly, he also invented the mouse (so named because the cable connecting it with the parent computer looks like a tail). The first mouse was made of wood and had metal wheels that enabled the user to move it with her/his hand.

Source: About.com's Guide to Inventors of the Modern Computer

2019: Natural User Interface Developed

In the biggest breakthrough in user interfaces since the transition from character-based user interfaces to the invention of the GUI, startup HandsFree, Inc. announced today the release of a beta version of HandsFree, an operating system with a feature they tout as a NUI or "natural user interface." Users interact with the software much as they do when communicating with a person; the program understands voice commands spoken in natural language, going beyond merely recognizing certain key terms. Electronic eyes that can be mounted on the monitor can even interpret gestures and facial expressions, and the software uses this data to determine when a user is expressing sarcasm or anger (for examples) and can respond accordingly.